One supplier said words to the effect of "We're not changing our cups to meet ASTM standards because our users would be confused between old and new cups."įor this app I used the simple formula η = K.t-C/t used by the Paul N. In preparing this app I looked at many such tables and a 20s Zahn #2 cup viscosity varies from ~20-45cP depending on the table. If you have ever measured a real viscosity and compared it to a value from one of the "standard conversion tables" you will probably be surprised at the difference. Because these cups actually measure the kinematic viscosity in cSt (a denser liquid flows out faster), enter your estimated density to allow the conversion (cP=cSt*ρ). Here you can choose from one of a few types of cup, specify your time in the 15-60s range and get an estimate of the viscosity in cP. I hope that is not the case! All I am doing is helping those, like me, who want to have some idea of what is going on when the only data available are measurements from these cups. Second, they assume Newtonian viscosity, so they tell you nothing about shear thinning.Īn expert in the field has warned me that this app might add legitimacy to the use of these cups. First they are not accurate even when done properly (see below) and even less when they aren't cleaned properly between use, etc. mPa.s or cP as a convenient unit) is being used. I find it very annoying that in the 21st century such unscientific devices are used and get frustrated that no one (including me) has any idea what approximate viscosity in real units (i.e. The size of the hole is in mm and a Zahn #4 means a Zahn cup with a 4mm hole. Different cups have different shapes and hole sizes and because times too short or too long are unsuitable, for any given viscosity there is an optimum cup with times in the 15-60s range. Note: This interview took place before SAG-AFTRA officially announced a strike on July 13.Many printers/coaters measure their viscosity using cups with holes in the bottom by finding how many seconds it takes to empty the full cup (or, rather, for the flow to "break"). What are your predictions or hopes for Season 2, Silo novel readers? Do you think we will meet Solo aka Jimmy? Will Lukas’ TV fate change? Should Season 2 end with the climax of Wool, and any Season 3 can delve into Shift? When TVLine spoke to Ferguson in late June, we asked what Juliette’s story might look like in Season 2, and she said, “We’re trying to stick as close to the book as possible” - without specifying Wool or Shift - “but we also have certain reasons to change certain things, which will make sense when you see it.”įerguson had also told TVLine, in between shooting scenes for Season 2 (which last week halted production due to the SAG-AFTRA strike), that from her point of view as an executive producer on the Apple TV+ series, “People worked really hard” to get the scripts done ahead of the WGA strike, “and the fact that they were able to do it with the means that we have was phenomenal. (World Order Operation Fifty) project that begat the silos first took shape. Meaning, there is much in Wool left to be explored - namely ( MILD BOOK SPOILER ALERT) Juliette’s experiences in the silo she visits next - whereas significant portions of the second novel, Shift, are set hundreds of years prior, back when the W.O.O.L. (Howey’s first, self-published take on the Silo world represents just the first 48 pages of Wool the other 500 pages, starting with Juliette’s introduction, were added on when the initial novella was met with great success.) Yet Season 1 covered not even half of the first book. What Juliette does next, where she goes, promises to have repercussions for “not one person,” series star and EP Rebecca Ferguson told TVLine in late June, but “an entire human race.” In other words, “The stakes are ridonkulously high.”Īpple TV+’s Silo is based on a trilogy of novels by EP Hugh Howey, titled Wool, Shift and Dust ( shop separately at Amazon or boxed set).
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